Health Effect By Smoking

lthough the negative health effects of cigarette smoking cannot be debated, it remains the single most common cause of preventable deaths. Each year, over 430,000 people die as a result of a smoking related disease. Yet, over 50 million continue to smoke, including over 3 million teens. An estimated three thousand teenagers begin to smoke each day, and one thousand of them will eventually die as a result. According to the American Lung Association, cigarette smoking leads to 87% of lung cancers, emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Healthcare and lost productivity costs of $97.2 billion dollars per years arise from smoking related illnesses. Cigarettes contain over 19 known cancer-causing chemicals in addition to nicotine.

Quitting is a frustrating and difficult proposition for these people who despite the knowledge that they are seriously harming their bodies. Addiction to nicotine causes very uncomfortable symptoms of with drawl. Irritation, agitation and anxiety as well as loss of concentration, sleep disturbances, headaches, coughing and cravings.

Smoking cigarettes is so compelling because of the effects of nicotine. A stimulant, nicotine causes a temporary increase in alertness and a calm feeling. And it can be incredibly addictive. Some studies have found nicotine to be more highly addictive that cocaine or heroin. Additionally, it suppresses the appetite and smokers tend to keep weight off.

How Smoking Harms Your Body

Here’s why cigarette smoke causes so much damage to our bodies. While nicotine itself isn't thought to be carcinogenic, the highly addictive drug is toxic and potentially lethal in large doses. Long-term smokers have a much higher risk of developing a host of life threatening diseases. Just about any cancer you can think of, including cancer of the lung, mouth, nose, voice box, lip, tongue, nasal sinus, esophagus, throat, pancreas, bone marrow, kidney, cervix, liver, bladder and stomach can result from smoking.

Heart and lungs are most damaged by smoking

Lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, are largely due to smoking. Heart disease, which includes coronary artery disease, heart attack and stroke are far more common in smokers. One of the effects of nicotine is constricting the blood vessels, which in turn causes high blood pressure. Another effect is raising your heart rate, which adds extra stress on your heart.

Not only does smoking affect the heart, but every part of your circulatory system. Your blood becomes thicker and stickier, further taxing the heart. The lining of the blood vessels is damaged, allowing fat deposits to adhere, and is most likely a significant cause of arteriosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries.

As a result, diminished circulation to the feet and hands leads to painful neuropathy, and impaired ability to fight local infections. This can lead to gangrene and sometimes requires amputation.

Inhaled smoke contains poison

The inhaled smoke contains many harmful substances, such as tar, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, heavy metals and free radicals. Each of these damages the body in various ways. Tar is sticky and brown, containing many chemicals known to be carcinogenic, including benzopyrene. It also and stains teeth, fingernails and lung tissue.

It causes damage to the mouth, teeth and gums, as well as ulcers of the digestive system.
Osteoporosis is caused by a leeching of calcium from the bones and predisposes smokers to fractures. The hip joint is particularly vulnerable to fractures and Avascular Necrosis, a disorder where the bone dies.

Because carbon monoxide, a major component of the smoke, binds with higher affinity to hemoglobin, it displaces oxygen carried by the blood. Since less oxygen is carried within each blood cell, the heart must pump more blood through the body to transfer the same amount of oxygen to the cells.

Hydrogen cyanide prevents the lungs from cleaning themselves of poisonous chemicals. Cilia, the tiny hairs that help to clean the lungs by moving foreign substances out are damaged. Harmful chemicals are allowed to collect in the lungs, preventing oxygenation of the blood.

Other chemicals in smoke that damage the lungs include hydrocarbons, nitrous oxides, organic acids, phenols and oxidizing agents. Free radicals are highly reactive chemicals that can damage the heart muscles and blood vessels When they react with cholesterol plaques are formed, which increase the risk of arterial damage, heart disease and stroke. Finally, tobacco smoke contains dangerous metals including arsenic, cadmium, and lead. Many of these are known to cause cancer.

The tars in smoke can trigger cancer of the esophagus and throat. Smoking causes increased stomach acid secretion, leading to heartburn and ulcers. Smokers have higher rates of deadly pancreatic cancer. Many of the carcinogens from cigarettes are excreted in the urine where their presence can cause bladder cancer, which is often fatal. High blood pressure from smoking can damage the kidneys.

Smoking Damages Other Systems

Smoking adversely affects the reproductive system, especially in women. Many female smokers experience irregular or absent periods. Fertility is compromised, and menopause occurs one to two years earlier. The risk of cervical cancer is increased. For women over 35 taking oral contraceptives, there is a significantly increased risk of stroke or heart attack if they are smokers. Men, experience lower sperm count, more abnormal sperm with decreased motility. There is also an effect on the man’s level of sex hormones. Decrease circulations also predisposes male smokers to impotence as a result of overall compromised circulation and damage to the blood vessels in the penis. .
Smoker’s immune systems are impaired, leaving the smoker vulnerable to a host of minor infections. A smoker needs more time to recover from infections than a non-smoker. Coupled with diminished circulation, a smoker’s risk of infection from minor cuts or abrasions to the arms or legs skyrockets.

Cigarette smoking decreases bone density, promoting osteoporosis. Skin becomes dry and loses it’s elasticity as a result of poor circulation. Premature wrinkling is common. Irritation and inflammation of the stomach and intestines is frequently seen, including painful ulceration of the entire GI tract.

Even more serious are the risks to an unborn child if the mother smokes. Miscarriage is more common in women who smoke. Infants of smoking mothers are at increased risk of low birth weight, prematurity, cleft lip and palate, infections and SIDS.

MORINGA OLEIFERA KNOWN AS MIRACLE TREE

"The World is not big as kelor leaves," this parable you will often hear in Indonesia. Kelor means as Moringa Oleifera, a plan that indonesian people use for healling from ill or magic attack. However, kelor or Moringa has benefits that can be spelled out very wide. In the sense that benefits have exceptional health care for our bodies. 

Perhaps many of us have never seen such as What is kelor/Moringa plants like. Because at this time the plants are rarely found except in such rural areas. 

So many benefits we will get from kelor/moringa cultivation. this plan has so many kind of vitamins and minerals that we can use. not only for children, adult man can use it too.

I will discussed the benefits of plant kelor/moringa : 
Kelor/moringa leaves mixed with betel leaf is a skin ill disease such as drug ringworm, scabies, etc.
Kelor/moringa leaves and roots boiled with water until the water slab. the water drunk to treat rheumatism diseases, infections and eliminate interference urine (ureter smooth) and venereal disease. 
As a stimulus (stimulus), old kelor/moringa seeds mixed with nutmeg to be destroyed powder, then mixed with water, then drink it.
Bidder as the strength of science in the world of black magic. 
Etc. 





The ingredients of kelor/moringas leaf 

This are comparison of the fresh leaf kelor/moringa and dry weight in the same unit. 



Fresh leaves kelor 
Same as 7 times the vitamin C of fresh citrus/orange
Same as 4 times the vitamin A of Carrot 
Same as 4 times the calcium of milk 
Equal to 3 times the potassium of banana 
2 times with the same protein in the yogurt 
¾ time with the same iron in the spinach 




Dry leaves kelor 
Same as ½ times the vitamin C of fresh citrus/orange
Same as 10 times the vitamin A of Carrot 
Same as 17 times the calcium milk 
Equal to 15 times the potassium of banana 
9 times with the same protein in the yogurt 
25 times with the same iron in spinach 




The amount of nutrient contents in the leaves kelor/moringa such as, 
Substance / element in the leaves Fresh 

  
Protein - 6.80 g 
Fat - 1.70 g 
Beta carotene (Vit.A) - 6.78 mg 
Thiamin (Vit.B1) - 0.06 mg 
Riboflavin (Vit. B2) - 0.05 mg 
Vitamin C - 220 mg 
Calcium - 440 mg 
Calories - 92 kal 
Carbohydrate - 12.5 g 
Fiber - 0.90 g 
Ferrum (iron) - 0.85 mg 
Magnesium - 42 mg 
Posfor - 70 mg 
Potassium - 259 mg 
Zincum (zinc) - 0.16 mg 


Substance / element in the Dry Leaf 

Protein - 27.1 g 
Fat - 2.3 g 
Beta carotene (Vit.A) - 18.9 mg 
Thiamin (Vit.B1) - 2.64 mg 
Riboflavin (Vit. B2) - 20.05 mg 
Vitamin C - 17.83 mg 
Calcium - 2003 mg 
Calories - 205 kal 
Carbohydrate - 38.2 g 
Fiber - 19.2 g 
Ferrum (iron) - 28.2 mg 
Magnesium - 368 mg 
Posfor - 204 mg 
Potassium - 1324 mg 
Zincum (zinc) - 3.29 mg 

Based on the analysis of J. Lowell Fuglie 

Nutrition in the 100 gr fresh kelor/moringas leaf equivalent to 8 gr dry leaf kelor/moringa. 

Based on studies conducted by Church World Service which is carried out in the country of Senegal, Africa. "Mother and Child Health Project" experiment conducted in the year 1997 - 1998, in the centre of care nutrition of the child where there are 45 cases in children aged 1 - 5 years, 20 cases of malnutrition among heavy. Experiments carried out by adding kelor dry leaf powder into their food. The result is 17 children who have experienced serious malnutrition and 25 children in the regular round total nutrition are cure 

From the results of the study note that leaves kelor/moringa helps to improve nutrition in children. So now how do we face the situation. Starting now by plant trees kelor/moringa in your garden or backyard at your home. Maybe it can replace your purchased vegetables. You can shrink the young moringas/kelor leaf. But don't shrink it under the sun directly. when the leafs dry, then destroyed it with blender until smooth. And the powder can be mixed in foods such as soup, rice, porridge, noodles or any vegetables, etc..

OUR EYE IS A BIG WINDOW

Your vision seems great. Your eyes feel completely fine. So you may be putting off that visit to the eye doctor. But if you haven’t seen your eye care professional in a while, you might have an eye problem that you don’t know about. 

“Many eye diseases have no early warning signs,” says Dr. Janine Austin Clayton, an ophthalmologist and deputy director of NIH’s Office of Research on Women’s Health. “You may not notice anything. So it’s critical to have your eyes examined on a regular basis.” 

A comprehensive dilated eye exam involves looking at all the parts of your eye. It also tests eye movement, the reaction of your pupil to light and the fluid pressure inside your eyes. 

“It’s critical to pay attention to your eye health, because eye health actually is a reflection of overall health,” Clayton says. Changes in the eyes, for example, can tip a doctor off that you have diabetes. 

Comprehensive dilated eye exams can catch problems that could lead to blindness and visual impairment while they can still be halted or reversed. If you have glaucoma or diabetic eye disease (a group of eye problems that can accompany diabetes), you may notice a problem only when it’s too late to regain your lost vision. 

Glaucoma, for example, first affects your side, or peripheral, vision, which can be hard to notice. If left untreated, the vision loss will continue to move toward the center of your vision. “It’s a painless process,” Clayton says, “much like hypertension or high blood pressure can be painless.” 

Having regular eye exams can help detect eye diseases in their early stages, when they can still be treated. Regular eye exams are important for everyone, but especially for African Americans over age 40, those with a family history of eye disease, people with diabetes and everyone over 60. 

An eye exam can also spot uncorrected refractive errors, meaning your eye is out of focus. Uncorrected refractive errors affect more than 11 million Americans, according to a recent study by NIH’s National Eye Institute. Eye care professionals usually prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses to solve the problem. More than 150 million Americans now use corrective eyewear. 

How often you should have your eyes examined depends on your age, family history and other risk factors. Your eye care professional can tell you when your next exam should be. 

If you haven’t had an eye exam for a while, now’s the time. Your eyes are an important part of your health. Healthy vision can help keep you safe while you’re driving, participating in sports and taking part in recreational activities. It can also help you maintain a healthy and active lifestyle well into your golden years.

What is a comprehensive dilated eye exam?

A comprehensive dilated eye exam is a painless procedure in which an eye care professional examines your eyes to look for common vision problems and eye diseases, many of which have no early warning signs. Regular comprehensive eye exams can help you protect your sight and make sure that you are seeing your best.

What does a comprehensive dilated eye exam include? 

A comprehensive eye examination includes:

Dilation

Drops are placed in your eyes to dilate, or widen, the pupils. Your eye care professional uses a special magnifying lens to examine your retina to look for signs of damage and other eye problems, such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration. A dilated eye exam also allows your doctor to check for damage to the optic nerve that occurs when a person has glaucoma. After the examination, your close-up vision may remain blurred for several hours.

Tonometry

This test helps to detect glaucoma by measuring eye pressure. Your eye care professional may direct a quick puff of air onto the eye, or gently apply a pressure-sensitive tip near or against the eye. Numbing drops may be applied to your eye for this test. Elevated pressure is a possible sign of glaucoma.

Visual field test

This test measures your side (peripheral) vision. It helps your eye care professional find out if you have lost side vision, a sign of glaucoma.

Visual acuity test

This eye chart test measures how well you see at various distances.

group of eye problem

Diabetes
A disease in which the body has trouble controlling the level of sugar in the blood. It can lead to serious problems including heart disease, kidney failure and blindness. 

Glaucoma
A group of eye diseases caused by fluid pressure building inside the eye. This can damage blood vessels and eventually the optic nerve—the bundle of nerve fibers that sends visual information to the brain.

Here are some tips for finding an eye care provider: 

Ask family members and friends about their providers.
Ask your family doctor for the name of a local eye care specialist.
Ask your insurance company or health plan what eye care professionals are covered under your plan.
Contact the department of ophthalmology or optometry at a nearby hospital or university medical center.
Contact a state or county association of ophthalmologists or optometrists to see if they have eye care professionals listed by specialty and experience.
Ask a library reference specialist for resources about finding health care professionals.

LOSING JOB CAN MAKE YOU SICK

In the face of rising unemployment and businesses declaring bankruptcy, a new study has found that losing your job can make you sick. Even when people find a new job quickly, there is an increased risk of developing a new health problem, such as hypertension, heart disease, heart attack, stroke or diabetes as a result of the job loss. 

"In today's economy, job loss can happen to anybody," said Kate Strully, who conducted the research as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Health and Society scholar at the Harvard School of Public Health. "We need to be aware of the health consequences of losing our jobs and do what we can to alleviate the negative effects."

Workers who are in poor health have a 40 percent increase in the odds of being laid off or fired, but Strully's findings go beyond sicker people being more likely to lose their jobs. She finds that "job churning," defined as high rates of job loss but low unemployment, has negative health consequences for workers who were not already sick. For those who lost their job—white or blue collar—through no fault of their own, such as an establishment closure, the odds of reporting fair or poor health increased by 54 percent, and among respondents with no pre-existing health conditions, it increased the odds of a new health condition by 83 percent. Even when workers became re-employed, those workers had an increased risk of new stress-related health conditions.

Unlike the results of job loss due to an establishment closure, when health effects were analyzed based on workers who were fired or laid off, significant differences were found based on the workers' occupations. While being fired or laid off or leaving a job voluntarily more than doubles the odds of a fair or poor health report among blue-collar workers, such job displacements have no significant association with the health reports of white-collar workers. The reasons for this disparity are unclear based on the study results.

"As we consider ways to improve health in America during a time of economic recession and rising unemployment, it is critical that we look beyond health care reform to understand the tremendous impact that factors like job loss have on our health," says David R. Williams, Norman Professor of Public Health at the Harvard School of Public Health, Professor of African and African American Studies and of Sociology at Harvard University and staff director of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Commission to Build a Healthier America. "Where and how we live, work, learn and play have a greater impact on how healthy we are than the health care we receive."

The study was conducted based on data from the U.S. Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationally representative survey from 1999, 2001 and 2003. The study looked at establishment closures that included a range of occupations, including managerial or professional positions ( 30 % displacement), sales, clerical, and craft jobs, (33 % displacement), a machine operator jobs (20 % displacement), and service positions (13 % displacement).